Sarcoptic mange in dogs - ways to combat and prevent. Sarcoptic mange of productive animals They are carried out in three directions

Mites, classified as Sarcoptes, are microorganisms that live and reproduce in the layers of the epidermis of a living organism. An animal, cats and dogs can become infected with them both on the street, upon contact with an infected animal, and through household items, after bathing in contaminated water of a lake or river, which is especially important for the summer months.

Therefore, all these provoking factors and prerequisites should be taken into account when keeping a pet, walking it - the elementary rules of keeping and leaving will not lead to infection, subsequent long-term treatment.

Symptoms of a subcutaneous tick in a dog and cat

The very first signs of an animal's illness show themselves 10-20 days after infection and the main symptom in this case is pronounced itching. The very first signs of itching appear in the head area, where there is no thick coat, ears and nose, eyelids.

If you do not prescribe a course of treatment in a timely manner, the disease develops into a chronic form, it can cause the death of the pet.

The disease is diagnosed not only by external symptoms - reddening of the skin, hair loss and the formation of foci of infection, but also on the basis of laboratory tests.

In the laboratory, veterinarians carry out a scraping from the skin and examine it under a microscope - if the result is positive, doctors talk about infection with sarcoptic mange.

After making an accurate diagnosis, doctors will prescribe the appropriate treatment. Previously, the pet's skin is cleaned of crust and abscesses with water and soap, preferably if it is antibacterial or tar.

When leather and wool are cleaned, they are treated with the following composition:

1. 5 parts of tar;
2. 45 parts petroleum jelly;
3. 30 green soap and 10 sedimentary sulfur.

It is rubbed in throughout the week, 2-3 times a day. Also, doctors prescribe appropriate treatment using a number of medications:

In addition to the use of drugs, in the course of treatment, you should definitely adhere to a number of rules:

On average, the entire course of treatment takes up to 3 weeks - with an integrated approach, it is important not only to remove ticks from the coat and skin, but also to restore the physical health of the pet.

How to protect your pet from sarcoptic mange?

It is important to remember that the complex attraction of a pet is far from a complete course of therapy - in addition, it is important to take preventive measures and prevent infection of a cat or dog with sarcoptic mange in the future. In order to avoid infection, it is worthwhile to regularly carry out general cleaning in the house and treat the bedding and toys, objects with which the animal comes into contact with disinfectants, take them out regularly in the sun or cold, depending on the season. In addition, it is important to take into account the following tips.

• Walk the animal on a leash and keep your pet dog or cat out of contact with the infected, street mongrel.
• Maintain the cleanliness of the animal- after a walk wash it or wipe your paws at least.
• It is important to ensure and complete diet for a pet - this will strengthen the immune system and will allow, if not exclude infection, then minimize the negative consequences of the course of the disease, and accelerate recovery.
• Every 1-2 months show the animal as part of a preventive veterinarian examination.

And even when in contact with infected pets, people must adhere to the rules of personal hygiene. This will protect all household members from the negative consequences - infection with ticks and pathogenic organisms does not pass without a trace.

Video: sarcoptic mange in dogs - symptoms and treatment.

Sarcoptic mange predominantly develops in dogs, and occurs as a result of contact with a skin mite on the epidermis. In turn, a tick can "pass" to a person upon close contact with an animal.

If the tick has settled in the dog's fur, then with a greater degree of probability we can talk about the imminent infection of the pet owner. A tick can enter the skin of a person through several routes.

In the process of direct contact between the affected area of ​​the dog and healthy human skin. The mite can be transmitted through surfaces - a bowl, pet bedding, and so on.

Treatment of all animals will eliminate secondary infection.

Symptoms

The first sign is peeling of the skin. In a number of situations, this may be slight peeling, sometimes quite pronounced.

Usually, within a few days, they are leveled.

Diagnostic measures

The test is carried out under laboratory conditions. The sample is taken with a sterile instrument, then placed on a glass slide for subsequent diagnosis. During the collection of biological material, the patient does not feel pain, since no damage to the skin is observed.

Scraping site: First, a scraping is taken from the damaged area of ​​the skin (the area of ​​the skin where the symptoms are expressed), and also scraping is taken from relatively intact skin areas.

The examination of the scraping is carried out under a microscope with a certain magnification.

What the causative agent of sarcoptic mange looks like will be demonstrated in the video in this article.

Sarcoptic mange(Sarcoptoses) is pruritic scabies, obsolete acarosis, an invasive animal disease caused by the pruritic mite Sarcoptes and characterized by pruritus and dermatitis.

Epizootological characteristics.The source of the causative agent of the invasion is animals with sarcoptic mange. Infection occurs when sick animals are kept together with healthy ones, as well as through invasive care items. Young and weak animals are more susceptible to sarcoptic mange. On the host's body, mites live for 4-6 weeks, outside the host's body for 3-4 weeks. The greatest distribution of sarcoptic mange is reached in the autumn-winter period, as well as under unsanitary conditions of keeping animals.

Clinical signs.In the beginning, the scalp, neck, and then other parts of the host's body are affected. Alopecia, hairless spots, abrasions, crusts appear, the skin thickens, its elasticity is lost. Sometimes ulcers appear on the skin. Animals lose weight, reduce efficiency (horses), productivity.

Diagnosis set on the basis of clinical signs, epizootological data and confirmed by the result of microscopy of deep skin scrapings taken at the border of healthy and affected skin areas. A scraping is placed on a glass slide or Petri dish, then kerosene is added to it, kneaded thoroughly, covered with a cover glass and examined under a low magnification microscope.

Treatment... For horses and camels in the cold season, fumigation in a gas chamber is used. In summer and autumn, anti-acaricidal baths are used for mass treatments. For bathing, use a 0.5% solution of creolin with a content of 0.03% of the gamma isomer of hexachlorane (prohibited for slaughter and dairy cattle). Treatment in baths is repeated after 10 days. It is possible to spray the animal's body with a 0.5% water emulsion of dikresil, etc. For individual treatment, use: a) Murin liniment (crude carbolic acid 20.0 g; tar 20.0 g; turpentine 10.0 g; green soap 200, 0 g; water up to 1 l); b) tar liniment (tar and sulfur in 1 part, green soap and alcohol in 2 parts), etc. The animals are preliminarily cleaned of dirt, hair is cut and crusts are removed. Liniments (ointments) are rubbed into one half of the body, and after 2-3 days into the other (in cattle, no more than 1/4 of the body surface is treated at one time).

Prophylaxis In dysfunctional farms of sarcoptic mange, animals (horses, cattle, camels, pigs) are divided into 3 groups: sick, suspicious of the disease, healthy. Each of the groups of animals is kept in isolation and the attendants are assigned to it. Sick and suspicious animals are treated. At the same time, they carry out the current deacarinization of premises, harnesses, care items and overalls for personnel. Disease suspicious and healthy animals are examined daily to identify patients with sarcoptic mange. 20 days after the cure of all patients and the implementation of a complex of anti-scab measures, the farm is considered safe.

Infection is asymptomatic - this is the period until the tick, after entering a new organism, assimilates and gradually begins its life activity. The incubation period, when outwardly there are no signs of the disease, takes from 10 to 14 days.

Then sarcoptic mange in dogs acquires the following symptoms:

The rash usually appears in the areas of the body with the least amount of hair:

• muzzle, brow ridges, auricles;
• belly and groin;
• armpits;
• paws at the elbows and hocks.

As the disease progresses, the dog grows irritated from constant itching, followed by deep depression and loss of appetite. In some cases, the body temperature may rise. Lymph nodes can become inflamed against the background of general intoxication of the body. Ultimately, the animal is threatened with exhaustion.

Treatment

The most important thing to do is to isolate the sick dog from healthy pets. Treatment of the disease is complex, it includes not only injections of anti-mite drugs, but also local treatments. What exactly to treat sarcoptic mange in a dog is decided only by a veterinarian, based on each individual case. The course of treatment depends on the degree of neglect of the disease.

If local treatments are required, the lesions should be well trimmed for more thorough contact of the drug with the skin.

Treatment of sarcoptic mange includes the following drugs:

Bathing shampoos

Anti-mite preparations for use by injection

Oral forms of drugs for sarcoptic mange

Hepatoprotectors

Appointed if necessary, because anti-mite drugs have some toxic effects on the liver:

In the case of very severe itching at the beginning of treatment, it is recommended to wear a special collar on the dog in order to exclude poisoning from the ingestion of drugs for local treatment inside at the time of scratching.

If other dogs also had contact with a sick animal, then therapeutic therapy is also carried out for them, regardless of the presence of external symptoms of the disease!

With a timely and comprehensive approach to treatment, the prognosis for recovery is always favorable.

Question answer

Is sarcoptic mange dangerous for humans?

If there is a sick dog in the house, you should exclude contact with it to all family members, especially children and allergy sufferers. Sarcoptic mange in dogs can provoke such a pathology as pseudosarcoptic mange in humans. Mites, getting on human skin, do not penetrate inside, but bite on its surface, causing itching, allergic reactions and various kinds of eczema. The disease is not transmitted from person to person. It often heals on its own, in rare cases it is necessary to resort to local specific therapy.

How long is sarcoptic mange treated?

The duration of treatment directly depends on the state of the dog's immune system, as well as on the degree of tick infestation. The weaker the animal and the longer it has been without treatment, contributing to the multiplication of the tick and its spread throughout the body, the longer the therapy will last. On average, this can take 2 to 8 weeks. In rare cases, treatment is delayed longer.

Is home treatment possible?

When fighting sarcoptic mites, you cannot resort to self-medication. You should strictly adhere to the instructions of the veterinarian. The use of traditional medicine recipes is allowed, but only as auxiliary therapeutic agents and only after consultation with a specialist.

What is sarcoptic mange to be distinguished from?

Sarcoptic mange proceeds in almost the same way with demodicosis and notoedrosis. Each of these diseases is caused by intradermal mites of its own kind, however, the differences in symptoms are very, very small. It is only a specialist who can say for sure that a dog has a microscopy of a skin scraping. It is not so easy to detect a tick, but its absence in the sample does not mean that the dog is not affected by the tick, because no one canceled the classical symptomatology. Often, the diagnosis is already made after diagnostic treatment, i.e. anti-mite therapy begins, which gives an appropriate response from the body in the form of a cure.

It is important to note that it is possible not to delve much into the processes of differentiation of subcutaneous mites among themselves. The mite that causes sarcoptic mange in dogs is killed by the same drugs as demodicosis and notoedrosis. The frequency and duration of treatment are somewhat different, but this can always be adjusted in the course of therapy.

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Transmission routes

The tick can also infect the owner of the dog. It passes to human skin in several ways:

When one dog is appropriately diagnosed, it is necessary to treat all the animals in the house to avoid re-infection. People do not need treatment, they are not able to infect a dog after it is cured, even if they themselves are still carriers of the mite.

Symptoms in humans

In rare cases, symptoms can last for several months. It usually goes away in a few days.

Diagnostics

The most reliable diagnostic method in humans is a microscopic examination of scrapings. This diagnostic method has several features:

• Carried out in laboratory conditions. The collected sample is immediately placed on a sterile glass slide for subsequent microscopic examination;
• The procedure is completely painless, as there is no targeted damage to the skin;
• Scraping is taken both from the damaged area (that is, from the one on which the symptoms are expressed), and from relatively intact (as prescribed by the doctor);
• The disease is contagious and very easily transmitted. Therefore, sometimes it is recommended to hand over the scraping to all family members who are in close contact with an infected person (and especially sleeping with him in the same bed, using only towels, etc.);
• Such a study cannot become a method of excluding the disease, since its reliability is about 50%, and sometimes even less. If the symptoms appear clearly, but the test result is negative, it is recommended to take the scrapings several more times.

Treatment