Replacing the heating system in an apartment building. Varieties and cost of capital and other types of repair of heating systems in an apartment building

Every inhabitant of our country knows that it is impossible to do without a heating system in a house or apartment. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the efficient operation of the entire system. Unfortunately, over time, the quality of the heat supplied decreases and the time comes to replace the old heating pipes.

Reasons for replacing the heating system

In multi-apartment, private houses of the old building, radiators made of cast iron or steel were mounted. This material is prone to corrosion, dirt sticking to the walls, which leads to blockages and leaks. But even modern radiators installed in new homes can fail. There are a number of possible reasons why heating pipes may fail and need to be replaced.

Replacement of old pipes with bimetallic ones

1. Incorrectly installed circuit. There are a number of rules, technologies for assembling heating in an apartment, the order in which the main elements (faucets, pumps, expansion valves) are located. Trying to reduce the cost of housing, developers save on installing all the necessary fittings. For example, if the repairmen did not provide shutoff valves when connecting the radiator, then it will be impossible to remove it for repair or cleaning. You will need to turn off all water supply to the system. It also happens that some unscrupulous craftsmen make changes on their own, without thinking about the consequences, which then have to resort to a complete replacement of the riser and heating pipes
2. Low temperature. This is a fairly common reason for redoing your design. The lack of heat can be completely corrected by simply replacing the batteries or increasing the diameter of the pipes.
3. Incorrectly designed wiring system. It depends on the scheme how exactly the water will circulate in the radiators, whether the directions of supply and return coincide. If the scheme is chosen incorrectly, then you will have to completely redo the entire heating system.
4. High breathability. For high-temperature structures, diffusion is a big problem. The material from which the pipeline is made can pass air. The presence of air accumulations in the hydraulic system can cause serious problems and lead to cavitation processes, that is, the occurrence of noise and water hammer. According to the established standards, it is allowed to use materials with an anti-diffusion coating, the penetration coefficient of which is not higher than 100 mg/m 2 per day.

Nevertheless, experts identify two main problems when replacing heating pipes is required:

• Strong wear of the pipeline. This is especially true in old houses where metal structures predominate. Over a long service life, they become overgrown with deposits and cease to function effectively.
• Carrying out overhaul. If you have private house, and you decide to redevelop, change the location of the boiler or boiler. If this is an apartment building, then a planned overhaul of the riser, pipes in the basement is carried out.

But whatever the reason, it will take a lot of effort and financial costs to create a high-quality heating pipeline. To do this, first select the material from which the structure will be made.

What pipes to choose for heating?

In most cases, it is installed in apartment buildings. In order to decide which material is best suited, you need to understand that the water temperature in the system is 950 degrees. The material must withstand this temperature regime and pressure of 10-12 atmospheres. The most popular are:

• metal-plastic;
• Galvanized;
• Polypropylene;
• Rehau pipeline.

Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Modern pipes made of metal-plastic are a one-piece, elongated structure of circular cross section. They are made in several layers: the inner layer has a metal base, the outer ones are plastic.

The top layer is made of cross-linked PEX polyethylene, which is highly cross-linked. Such material is able to withstand high temperatures and does not deform when heated. The smooth inner layer protects the construction from dirt sticking, and the PEX layers prevent the release of galvanic steam from the aluminium. In addition, polymers do not allow condensation to collect.

Metal-plastic plumbing has several advantages:

• Resistance to corrosive processes, even in the presence of aggressive substances;
• Salts, silt, sand and other stickings are not deposited on the walls;
• Plastic. This quality is especially necessary when creating a complex structure, where it is required to go around obstacles or create turns;
• Ease. To work with this material does not require much effort;
• Low coefficient of resistance allows to maintain stable pressure during fluid movement;
• Durability. Service life at good leaving more than 50 years;
• Environmental friendliness. The material does not emit toxic and harmful substances, so the composition of the water does not change;
• Do not conduct current;
• They have low thermal conductivity and high sound insulation.

Significant advantages include ease of installation of the heating structure. Assembly does not require welding equipment and special tools. The whole structure is mounted using fittings, which can be purchased at any plumbing store. Metal-plastic is compatible with other materials, and in case of emergency repairs, you can use any means.

For a long time, metal pipes have been used to create a heating system. Despite the emergence of new modern materials, their popularity does not decrease due to reliability and durability. Galvanized metal structures are able to withstand high operating loads, pressure and temperatures above +100˚С.

The performance of the pipeline depends on the characteristics of the production of steel products. They can be made seamless or welded. In the first case, the manufacturing process requires sophisticated technical equipment, in the other, they are welded from a single sheet of galvanized metal.

The advantages of this product include:

• High thermal conductivity. The metal is able to heat up and give off heat to the air space of the room, thus performing the role of heating devices.
• Low coefficient of gaseous diffusion. The value of this criterion approaches absolute. It is impossible to make a high-quality closed loop without such indicators.
• Strength. This quality makes the metal pipeline the most reliable. They are best used if high-pressure fluid filling is envisaged.
• The low price makes this product affordable.

Of course, there are also a number of disadvantages. These include:

• Susceptibility to corrosion. The metal does not resist aggressive substances well, but thanks to galvanization, this drawback can be smoothed out.
• Rigidity. When creating complex design configurations, professional skills and curly elements will be required, which will adversely affect the reliability of the entire heating system.
• Electrical conductivity. The property of the metal to conduct current does not allow the use of this material in the formation of a system with an electric boiler.
• Big weight. For the installation of the heating structure, a lot of physical effort and outside help will be required.

The heating system made of polypropylene pipes will serve effectively for a long time. Polypropylene is a material made by processing petroleum products combined with catalysts. The following positive qualities speak in favor of choosing this material:

• High pressure resistant;
• High quality thermal insulation;
• Acceptable price;
• Easy installation of structures of any complexity;
• The material is lightweight, which makes it easy to move it to the right place;
• Does not conduct current pulses, which minimizes the formation of deposits inside the pipe;
• Durability. With proper use, they can last more than 50 years.

But they also have certain disadvantages, which should also be considered when choosing a material:

• Installation requires special equipment and professional skills;
• Repair is associated with some difficulties in the selection of fittings;
• Vulnerable at temperatures above 100 degrees.

Despite the shortcomings, polypropylene pipes remain the most in demand for creating a heating system.

Rehau polyethylene products in our country are not inferior in popularity to other materials. To create a pipeline from Rehau cross-linked pipes, no special tools are required. Installation technology is simplified as much as possible. To connect structural elements, a system of sliding sleeves has been developed, which increases the reliability of soldering at the joints. Due to the ease of connection, almost anyone can make a heating system in their home on their own.

You can also add a number of positive qualities of this material:

• Reliability of heating systems under any operational loads;
• Ease of use. Light weight and flexibility make it easy to create the desired design without additional help;
• Many fittings and fasteners allow you to make the most complex schematic heating projects.

In fact, Rehau products are a designer of many parts that allows you to create a reliable system for supplying heat to a house with your own hands.

After choosing the material, it is time to directly create a new heating system. But before that, you need to remove old pipes, risers and radiators.

Dismantling of old pipes and risers

Emergency replacement of heating risers is the most unpleasant and difficult case. According to the law, repairs should be carried out by the management company, but if this is your personal desire, certain rules will be required.

If you are going to change the riser and the entire system inside the apartment. You will need permission from the neighbors, and you must also warn them and the utilities about the upcoming repairs. In the case where the waste structure changes from a valve inside the room, no permit is required. The dismantling of the old system is carried out in the following sequence:

• From all pipes, batteries, liquid descends and the water supply is shut off;
• If the pipeline is made of metal, you will need a grinder, which cuts off old products. When the riser changes on all floors, it must be cut so that the structure does not crack and it would be convenient to remove it;
• Old radiators are disconnected from the pipeline using wrenches.

These steps will help remove unnecessary items and allow you to proceed with the installation of a new system.

Creating a new heating

Installation of a new design for conducting heat into the room is carried out by several schemes: one-pipe and two-pipe wiring. The latter option is considered more efficient and reliable.

If work is carried out in a private house, you will need to first install the boiler. Connection of thermal, gas equipment can only be carried out by a specialist. After equipping the boiler room, it is necessary to mark the future heating structure as a whole. Further work is carried out according to the following scheme:

• Connection of riser pipes with intermediate ones to radiators is carried out;
• Bimetallic radiators are being installed. Before mounting the battery on the wall, you can glue a sheet of foil to reduce heat loss. You can also create a visor on the battery, which will protect the window sill from heating and allow hot air to be directed directly into the room;
• To connect plastic pipes, fittings are used, which must first be treated with a sealant;
• Before pulling the pipes, wrap the end with a film so that dirt does not get inside;
• Further, the system is filled with water and passes through all the elements under maximum pressure;
• In new houses, they began to replace water with antifreeze in the heating system. The liquid is resistant to low temperatures. It does not freeze even at -50 degrees.

The assembled structure must be checked. To do this, use a special device - a presser. It creates increased pressure in the system to check the reliability and tightness of joints and pipes. If during the test the readings of the sensors did not change, then the tests were successful and there will be no leaks.

Using the information provided, you can independently replace and make a new high-quality heating system.

Hello Ivan.

At present, the relevant provisions of GOST have been adopted and are in force, defining a unified and effective system for managing apartment buildings and maintaining the common property of apartment buildings, ensuring the provision of high-quality communal services for heating, hot water supply, safe operation and comfortable living conditions, as well as fulfill the requirements of technical regulations, sanitary and epidemiological requirements.

So, according to GOST R 56501-2015 “Services of housing and communal services and management of apartment buildings. Services for the maintenance of intra-house heating systems, heating and hot water supply of apartment buildings. General requirements”, follows:

3.1 customer: A person ordering services (works) of management, maintenance of the heat supply system.

3.2 performer: A person who provides management services for an apartment building.

3.5 heating network: A district heating pipeline that technologically connects a source of thermal energy with an in-house heat supply system of an apartment building.

5.3 Technical inspections

Technical inspections of the heat supply system are organized and carried out in accordance with

6.2 Maintenance service

The maintenance service of the heat supply system is carried out in accordance with.

The scope of work for the current repair of the heat supply system includes all types of work that ensure the replacement of parts of the heat supply system with new ones up to its standard technical condition or improve their characteristics, when the volume of such work does not exceed 30 percent of the volume of the repaired part of the heat supply system.

Notes

1 Maintenance work is determined based on the results of technical inspections or when the replacement of parts of the heating system is specified in the operating instructions.

2 Maintenance works are formed into a work plan, which is approved by the customer (owners).

The current repair work plan includes work to replace the heating system with new parts that are part of the common property of an apartment building.

Before proceeding with the dismantling of a part of the heat supply system, a similar part (riser - its floor parts, a distributing pipeline with outlets for connecting risers) must be made (assembled) from new materials and installed parallel to the existing one.

It follows from this that, at the request of the customer (owner), the contractor (management company) must carry out a technical inspection, the results of which are recorded by the relevant act, and a repair plan approved by the customer (owner) is adopted.

Management companies themselves strongly recommend the replacement of heating pipes to happy owners of new buildings, even if branded and reliable materials from well-known manufacturers were used. Why is that? Everything is very simple:

Along with highly skilled workers, the construction site is also occupied by laborers who, during the construction process, perform very important work (due to a shortage of labor), to which they absolutely should not have access. We are talking about the installation of engineering systems, in particular heating systems;

The house is being built for a long time, there are pipe breaks, and mechanical damage hidden from the eyes by insulating material, pipes are stored for a long time in improper conditions, dragged from place to place, etc.

We offer to replace heating pipes with new ones manufactured by REHAU. Also, the question often arises of replacing the riser pipes that are laid from the storey distribution cabinet to the apartment, as a rule, and their replacement is justified by the risks of leakage.

Also, when replacing heating pipes, we recommend switching from a tee wiring diagram of heating pipes to a collector-beam one, which is more efficient and eliminates joints in the floor screed, allowing only whole pipe sections to be left in the mortar layer.

Also, attention should be paid to the heating radiators installed by the developer. In 90% of cases, these are cheap, ridiculous-looking heaters, selected not by heat transfer efficiency, but by the criterion - the minimum price.

Therefore, think about replacing heating radiators with more aesthetic and matched the necessary power for each room in the apartment. In this matter, it is important to pay attention to the design of the device, size, connection method and, most importantly, technical performance, in accordance with the requirements for the heating system from UK.

A resident of an apartment building installed a shut-off valve - a faucet - on the common house riser of hot water supply. These actions disrupt the water supply to apartments located floors above, and also affect the quality of the service provided. What legislative acts and documents regulate the issue of prohibiting residents of apartments in multi-apartment buildings to install shut-off valves, jumpers, valves on common house risers and radiators of heating systems?

Carrying out work in the MKD on the installation of shut-off valves, jumpers, valves on common house risers and radiators of heating systems refers to the reconstruction of the living quarters.

Reconstruction of apartments should be carried out in accordance with the rules of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.

The heating system is a single engineering system, the performance of which depends on all heating devices, including devices that are installed in apartments. The heating system is a common property of the MKD. The entire heating system of the house is designed for a certain heated area, which is laid down in the project, the amount of coolant supplied to the house, and hence the temperature in each apartment, depends on this. Carrying out changes to the heating system requires the coordination and amendment of the project, as well as the consent of all owners of MKD.

Without approved and agreed projects for the reconstruction of the apartment, the owner cannot carry out work, otherwise you have the right to sue him. Judicial practice on these issues is attached in a separate file.

An owner who has allowed unauthorized reorganization of his living quarters may be held administratively liable by a body of the State housing inspection.

In accordance with paragraph 3 of part 1 of Art. 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF Housing Code), owners of premises in apartment building owns the common property in an apartment building, including mechanical, electrical, sanitary and other equipment located in this house outside or inside the premises and serving more than one premises, by the right of common share ownership.

According to Art. Art. 246, 247 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, possession, use and disposal of common property is carried out by agreement of all its participants. With regard to the common property of an apartment building, such an agreement is implemented by adopting a decision of the general meeting of owners of premises in the house (Article 44 of the LC RF).

By virtue of clause 6 of the "Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building" (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 N 491), the common property includes an in-house heating system consisting of risers, heating elements, control and shutoff valves, collective (common house) heat energy metering devices, as well as other equipment located on these networks.

Thus, by changing the intra-house and intra-apartment heating system and providing supply communal resources from engineering networks to in-house equipment, the owner changed the parameters and characteristics of in-house engineering systems, thereby influencing the maintenance of other premises of the apartment building and the supply of heat to apartments.

Cases of administrative offenses under Art. 7.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, considers the body exercising state control over the use and preservation of the housing stock, in accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 23.55 Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. This body is the State Housing Inspectorate, on the basis of clause 1 of the Regulations on the State Housing Inspectorate, approved. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 11, 2013 No. 493 “On State Housing Supervision”.

According to Art. 23.55 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, to consider cases of administrative offenses, provided for by Art. 7.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, the bodies exercising state control over the use and safety of the housing stock are entitled.

Thus, the owner, who allowed the unauthorized reorganization of his living quarters, may be held administratively liable by the body of the State Housing Inspectorate.

In accordance with Art. 25, 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, installation, replacement or transfer of engineering networks, sanitary, electrical or other equipment that require changes to the technical passport of the residential premises are related to the reconstruction of the residential premises, which must be carried out in compliance with the requirements of the law in agreement with the local government based on their decision.

In order to carry out the reconstruction of a residential premises, the owner of this premises is obliged to submit to the body that carries out the coordination:

1) an application for reorganization and (or) redevelopment in the form approved by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation;

2) title documents for the rebuilt and (or) replanned residential premises (originals or notarized copies);

3) a project for the reorganization and (or) re-planning of the re-arranged and (or) re-planned residential premises prepared and executed in the prescribed manner;

4) technical passport of the rebuilt and (or) replanned residential premises;

5) written consent of all members of the tenant's family (including temporarily absent members of the tenant's family) occupying the reconfigured and (or) replanned living quarters.

perekos.net

REPLACEMENT OF HEATING RADIATORS IN THE APARTMENT.

The heating season has come, but not all apartments are warm. In some apartments, slightly warm batteries and residents are forced to wear woolen socks all winter, while in others they open the windows because of the unbearable heat. This situation can arise for many reasons, but one of the main reasons is a violation of the heat balance of an apartment building, including due to unauthorized replacement of heating radiators in an apartment, or the installation of additional battery sections in apartments. What is the heat balance of a house, why is it violated and what can it lead to?

The concepts of "balance of heat", "heat balance" are used by both designers and installers of heating systems, and even sometimes, sellers of heating equipment. So what is the heat balance of a building? The concept of "heat balance of the house" is often used by specialists in the design and maintenance of thermal networks of buildings, while there is no specific definition in any regulatory act. It seems, based on the analysis of the norms associated with the design of thermal systems of buildings, that the heat balance of a house is a one-to-one ratio of heat losses in the house and incoming heat. Only with such an ideal ratio (balance) can the required temperature in the house be maintained.

Thermal imbalance of the house can occur due to the installation of additional sections when replacing heating radiators in an apartment, or changing their configuration. Are heating radiators in apartments a common property?

Often people do not know who owns the heating system: the owner of the apartment or is it part of a common house system. According to the Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 No. 491, clause 6 “.. the common property includes an in-house heating system consisting of risers, heating elements, control and shutoff valves, collective ( general house) thermal energy metering devices, as well as other equipment located on these networks. So it turns out that heating devices are common property. Therefore, independent replacement of radiators is illegal. The solution of the issue of classifying radiators located in the apartments of residents as the common property of a residential building or defining them as part of the apartment (belonging) is very important when determining the person responsible for their maintenance and operation.

Unlike water supply systems, gas supply, the thermal system of the house is the same for the entire apartment building and is designed not only to heat a room, but also to transport heat throughout the apartment building, including to other apartments.

So, speaking of heating devices located in apartments, we are dealing with the common property of an apartment building. As you know, the common property of the house belongs to all owners on the basis of the right of common shared ownership and, accordingly, its fate is determined by the decision of the general meeting of the owners of the premises (Articles 44, 46 of the LC RF). However, there is no uniformity in law enforcement practice.

Sometimes, in order to clarify that heating appliances are common or, conversely, the personal property of the owner of the apartment, it is necessary to appoint a construction and technical expertise, in which the expert is asked the following questions: - are the heating elements of the house system designed to service more than one room in this house heating located in a (specific) apartment;

How more than one room in a given house is serviced by heating elements located in the apartment.

The expert should give answers to these questions based on the technical features of the interaction of heating elements in a separate apartment with other rooms in this house. Replacing heating radiators in an apartment - re-equipment of a dwelling or violation of the procedure for using the common property of a house?

The replacement of heating radiators in an apartment is often mistaken for a refurbishment and, upon detection, the relevant authorities try to oblige apartment owners to restore their living space to its original state. However, these actions do not comply with the law.

In accordance with Art. 25 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the reconstruction of a dwelling is the installation, replacement or transfer of engineering networks, sanitary, electrical or other equipment that require changes to the technical passport of the dwelling.

Technical passports of residential premises are documents containing technical and other information about residential premises related to ensuring the compliance of residential premises with established requirements. Technical certification should be carried out in accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 19 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, along with other forms of state accounting of the housing stock.

The technical passport of the residential premises is issued in accordance with the Instruction on accounting for the housing stock in the Russian Federation, approved by Order of the Ministry of Zemstroy of Russia dated 04.08.1998 N 37. From the content of this Instruction (clause 3.16), it follows that information about the location is not entered into the technical passport of the residential premises and even about the presence of heating devices located in the living room: pipelines of cold and hot water, sewerage, heating, gas, etc., as well as central heating radiators are not shown on the floor plans.

This means that the replacement or transfer of heating appliances or a change in their configuration does not require changes to the technical passport and cannot be considered as a reorganization of the dwelling, but is a violation of the procedure for using common property. Accordingly, it is impossible to apply the consequences of unauthorized reconstruction to the actions of the owners of residential premises, which consist in forcing them to return the residential premises to their original state.

However, be that as it may, the Rules for the operation of the housing stock clearly establish the obligation of the service organization to control the unauthorized increase or replacement of heating appliances inside the apartments. So, according to clause 5.2.1 of this document, the operation of the central heating system of residential buildings should ensure, among other things, the elimination of excessively installed heating devices and the installation of additional ones in separate rooms that are lagging behind in temperature conditions. This means that the managing organization has the opportunity to dismantle excessively installed heating radiators in apartments.

Of course, in practice it is very difficult to do this, since not a single owner will agree to dismantle the batteries in his apartment of his own free will. The only way to solve this problem is to file a lawsuit against the owner of the apartment with a request to dismantle the excessively installed sections of batteries in connection with a violation of the procedure for using common property. Whom should I contact to replace the heating radiators in the apartment?

As a rule, many residents do not know at all where to turn if they need to replace heating radiators in their apartment. Some residents independently carry out the dismantling and subsequent replacement of heating radiators, which can subsequently lead to thermal imbalance of the house, violation of the rights and legitimate interests of their neighbors, and in the worst case, to an emergency.

According to the Rules for the operation of the housing stock (clause 5.2.5), service organizations must control the installation of batteries. It is not allowed to increase the surface or number of heating devices without special permission from the housing maintenance organization. The managing organization has the right to prohibit the installation (replacement) of heating devices in the apartment if they do not comply with the heating devices provided for in the project, therefore, before replacing heating radiators in the apartment, residents must coordinate these works with the service organization.

The owner of the premises needs to agree on: - replacement of "native" batteries with radiators of the same type (similar to those installed during the construction of the house); - replacement of radiators with radiators of a different type (other than those provided for by the building project), including with a change in the configuration (number of sections) of radiators;

Battery transfer.

In the first case, the owner of the apartment has the right to install batteries similar to those provided for by the project without obtaining special permission from the service organization. However, he should clarify which batteries are appropriate for the project and notify the management organization about replacing the batteries in order to avoid problems in the future, including emergencies.

In the following two cases, you should use the help of a specialist who will determine the possibility of installing certain devices. An examination of the compliance of heating devices with the project and the possibility of their installation in an apartment without damage to the thermal system of the house is paid by the owner of the apartment in which he is going to replace the batteries, since it is he who takes the initiative to change the heating system of the whole house.

Replacing batteries with the same number of sections made of materials different from the material of "native" batteries, or with an increase in their surface, can lead to the fact that the thermal system of the house, designed according to the project for a certain load, is unbalanced and the temperature load is unevenly distributed to different parts building (by apartment), so the technical expertise will allow you to avoid many problems and lawsuits in the future.

https://www.zakon-dlya-vseh.ru/1932

Domestic heating system.

In accordance with paragraph 6 of the Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 13.08.2006. 491, the common property includes an in-house heating system, consisting of risers, heating elements, control and shut-off valves, collective heat energy meters, as well as other equipment located on these networks. Reducing the size of common property, including by reconstructing the heating system by moving risers, radiators, etc. in at least one apartment, is only possible with the consent of all owners of premises in an apartment building (part 3 of article 36 of the LC RF). According to Article 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the reorganization of residential premises is carried out in agreement with the local government on whose territory the residential premises are located. Any actions to replace, dismantle and transfer engineering heating networks and equipment, which, in the absence of appropriate agreement or in violation of the reconstruction project, which leads to an imbalance in heat exchange in the heat supply system of a residential building, is called unauthorized reconstruction and falls under Article 7.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses. Federal Law No. 190-FZ of July 27, 2010, Article 14. “On heat supply”, paragraph 15, it is prohibited to switch to heating residential premises in apartment buildings using individual apartment sources of heat energy, the list of which is determined by the rules for connecting to heat supply systems approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, if there is a connection to the heat supply systems of apartment buildings, carried out in the proper manner, except for the cases determined by the heat supply scheme.

guk-mag.ru

Heating system of an apartment building

• When replacing a radiator in an apartment, the question arises of how to turn off the riser, which radiator can be installed and how best ...
• If you change the pipes, or the riser completely, then which ones can be used?
• When the heating does not work well, it is natural to ask - why? - can somehow adjust, even independently ...
• If you want to organize your own boiler room together with other residents, then how to do it ...
• When installing a heat meter, where should it be installed in the system?

• A centralized heating system is characterized by a high coolant velocity, up to the limit of noise in the pipes. Hence the large power of the pumps and the large pressure drop.
• The second feature is the high total pressure in the system. Filling was carried out from the bottom point, and in order to raise the coolant to the 9th floor, it was necessary to create an appropriate pressure, up to 12 atm.
• The next feature is the high temperature of the coolant - poor thermal insulation, heat leakage, ownerlessness of the energy resource, often made it possible for public utilities to solve the tasks “heat in houses” by simply winding up the flow and raising the temperature above the norm, even above 100 degrees C at elevated pressure.

Basically, Zhekovsky specialists solder PN30 foam 25 mm (outer diameter) with aluminum reinforcement, despite the fact that its limiting temperature is still +95 degrees, and in the central it can be even more ... Now PN25 has already appeared with similar characteristics.
It is also possible to use metal-plastic pipes for connecting radiators in a multi-storey building - by decision of the service network. Applicable diameter is mainly 20 mm (outside).
When replacing a radiator, the employees of the housing office will oblige to create a circuit with two shutdown valves and a bypass parallel to the radiator. If the coolant speed is reduced, the temperature is also reduced, then it will be cold in the houses, this will especially affect the upper floors, where radiators are often the last in the ring. This happens both for technical reasons, due to overgrowth of pipes, wear and tear of equipment, and organizational ones. Fuel is now expensive, and it is not known at what level of command, its allocated amount has halved, but the result is impressive - half of the prescribed coal, fuel oil, gas gets into the furnace. And the heating network specialists were asked to "get out" and redistribute heat, "find methods". As a result, part of the pumps is turned off, replaced, the boiler is turned off, the valves are tightened, and artificial “equipment wear” is created. Another option for poor heating performance in a multi-storey building is that radiators do not heat. In any basement of a multi-storey building, adjustment options are possible when any riser will heat poorly - the scheme is very complicated. The problem may lie in the lack of worthy personnel in the organization, as a result of which the network is simply not established.
But the way out of the situation can be found only in ordeals for local organizations. Or creating a boiler room for a small house in agreement with the authorities. Or switching to individual heating in the apartment.
Currently, more and more are switching to modern heating projects. Two-tubes are used in the wiring, as a result of which energy losses on the movement of the coolant are reduced. Scheme of connecting a radiator in an apartment with a two-pipe heating system.
Such projects now include other materials, instead of steel, PEX is used, including reinforced with aluminum. Radiators with a minimum pressure of 16 atm, with a lower (concealed) supply.
The latest achievement is individual wiring for a separate apartment. Risers of two pipes designed for the whole apartment. The wiring around the apartment can be done as you like, but usually according to the projects, the location of the risers is such that it is convenient to make a beam pattern from the central collectors, while the pipes are laid under a false floor.
This makes it possible to install floor convectors under the balcony blocks. Also, an individual heat meter for the apartment. But in the arrays of old buildings, with a centralized heating system of an apartment building, this is not achievable. They use the benefits that the housing office has established. How a heating system is created in a new apartment in a multi-storey building. An example of work...

The question of replacing heating batteries in an apartment usually arises sharply in the autumn-winter period, when, after turning on centralized heating in apartments, a radiator suddenly bursts in people, it stops heating or fails.

What to do, who to contact for battery replacement and who should pay the costs incurred for replacing radiators in 2020: the owner or the management company?

The reasons for replacing batteries in an apartment can be different: the owner wants to replace an outdated model of a heating device with a new one; the battery has become unusable (burst, rusted, etc.). Depending on the grounds, both the managing organization and the owner can make a replacement on their own or with the help of a third-party organization.

The owner of the apartment can replace the radiator by resorting to one of three options:

1. Replace batteries yourself.
2. Seek help from outside experts.
3. Submit an application to the service company to call the master.

Please note that if you replace the batteries yourself, all responsibility for further actions will fall on the shoulders of the owner. If you resort to the services of specialists from a private company, then in case of any problems you will have to ask them.

But the fact is that the customer will not always be able to contact the company again, and if he can, then it is not a fact that the specialist will come to his house again and fix the problem. Therefore, in this case, it is best to contact a specialist who is on the staff of the service company or housing office.

Even if for some reason an accident occurs in the future, the responsibility for the malfunction, for the installation of batteries, which entailed damage to the property of the owner or his neighbors, will fall on the management company.

So who should change batteries? So that in the future the owner does not have problems, it is best to contact the company that services the house (management company, housing office, HOA, etc.).

It depends on two factors: first, it is important to see how the batteries are connected to the heating riser (is there a device between the battery and the common pipe that allows you to disconnect the battery from the central system).

If there are no stopcocks, then the battery belongs to the common property. In this case, the managing organization or the HOA (homeowners association) is responsible for its integrity and uninterrupted operation. And it is she who is obliged to replace the batteries, but only if there is a real threat that the battery can break through.

If it is necessary to make a replacement, then the owner must invite a representative of the management company to the house to inspect the battery and draw up an act stating that the device is in emergency condition and needs to be replaced.

On the basis of this act, the management company will be obliged to install a battery for the homeowner, and it must do this free of charge.

What to do if the UK refuses to change the battery for free?

If for some reason the management company refuses to change the battery for free, which is in disrepair, then the homeowner should document this fact, and then file a lawsuit.

If the court is on the side of the plaintiff, then the defendant will be obliged not only to pay a fine, but also to compensate the plaintiff for the specified amount of non-pecuniary damage.

If the house is serviced by a housing maintenance office, then it is possible to replace the battery through the housing office only in two cases:

1. If the battery life has expired.
2. If the radiator is out of order.

In all other cases, the housing office is engaged in the maintenance of common property and current repairs. So, the service life for a cast-iron battery is 15-30 years (for use in an open-type system) and 30-40 years (for a closed-type system).

If the owner knows for sure that the heater has served longer than this period, then he has every right to apply to the Housing Office with a written request to replace the batteries in the apartment. It is important to note that the replacement of batteries in apartment buildings is classified as a major overhaul, the terms of which the housing office must notify residents.

Many citizens do not want to contact the Housing Office, as this is a very troublesome and lengthy process.. It is easier for people to spend money and replace heating batteries on their own, but in this case, you need to remember that during unauthorized installation, the owner himself will be responsible for the consequences of such an installation.

Before removing the old battery and installing a new one, you need to coordinate your actions. And for this, you should notify the management company or the HOA about the upcoming work.

In the event that the owner decides to change one type of battery to another or increase the heating area, move the battery to another place, then he must contact an expert who will tell you whether it is possible to install the battery.

Otherwise, the heat balance of the house may be disturbed. When transferring the battery, the owner needs to turn to experts who must conduct an examination.

Having clarified the main points, now you can step by step consider how to replace the heating batteries in the apartment:

First you need to decide which type of radiator to choose: cast iron, steel or aluminum. Next, you should decide on the number of sections, after which you can already proceed to the installation of a new battery (subject to obtaining consent from the management company):

After the installation of the battery is completed, the owner must invite representatives of the management company to the house to check the tightness of the connection.

Issue price

The cost of replacing heating batteries in an apartment depends on several factors:

• the cost of services of an intermediary company ready to dismantle the old battery and install a new radiator;
• Battery Type;
• features of the apartment/house.

On average, the owner will have to pay 4 thousand rubles for the installation of a new battery. Additionally, the owner will have to spend about 600 more rubles to buy a tap, plugs, plugs, brackets.

Answers to questions on the topic

Where to go if a new battery burst due to improper installation?

First you need to remember who mounted the radiator. If the installation of the heater was carried out by a specialist service company, then you need to contact it there.

If this was done by a master from a third-party organization, then a complaint should be filed with this authority. If justice or truth cannot be achieved, then you can go to court.

According to Art. 25 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the replacement, transfer or installation of engineering networks, sanitary equipment requires amendments to the technical passport.

But when replacing batteries, this is not necessary, since, according to the Instruction on the accounting of housing stock No. 37 of 08/04/98, data on the presence of heaters is not included in the registration certificate.

Therefore, even when transferring the heater, the technical passport does not need to be changed.

Who to entrust the installation of new batteries?

It is best to use the services of a management company, but if the owner does not want to apply there, then he can find a third-party company whose employees will quickly and correctly do this work.

But when choosing a particular company, it is important to check if the organization has the appropriate licenses and certificates to carry out such work.

If there are no documents, then it is better to continue the search than to later sue the company, because of which the battery burst, burst, fell, caused damage to the owner, neighbors, etc.

At whose expense is the replacement of batteries in a municipal apartment?

In municipal housing, battery replacement is always carried out at the expense of the administration, since the owner of the housing in this case is the municipality. Therefore, the expenses of tenants for the replacement of the radiator are subject to reimbursement by the administration.

If it became necessary to replace the battery as a result of its wear or an accident (a pipe leaked), then the organization serving the house should replace it.

Moreover, it is she who must bear the financial costs associated with replacing the radiator.

However, the situation in 2020 is such that management companies are not interested in people knowing about their rights, that they can install and dismantle worn pipes at the expense of the service organization, and not pay money from their own pocket.

In the event that the owner of the apartment wants to replace the battery for the reason that the old radiator does not fit into his new interior, while the heater has not yet worn out, then he will have to carry out the replacement from his own pocket.

Who is responsible for breaking the battery and flooding the neighbors?

If, as a result of a battery break in the apartment, the neighbors were flooded, then the management company will have to be responsible for the consequences and compensate for the losses, but on the condition that the owner is not at fault in what happened.

If the owner independently changed the battery without agreement, and it eventually burst, then the responsibility will lie entirely with him.

But even if the installation was agreed with the management company, and the dismantling of the old battery and the installation of the new one was carried out by a master from a private company, then the owner will also be responsible for the consequences of what happened.

If you know how to replace heating batteries in an apartment, then do not rush and install new radiators. If the heater's expiration date has come to an end, then you have every right to apply to a service organization and ask her to replace the batteries at the expense of this organization.

If the owner wants to change the battery due to the fact that it does not suit him for some characteristics, external parameters, then in this case he must understand that all the costs associated with the purchase of new batteries and their installation will fall on his shoulders.